Chiari Malformation Type I: A Clinical Case
Before presenting the clinical case, I will give a brief explanation of Chiari malformation.
Executive functions: Can they be improved?
Most recent studies in the field of neuropsychology and functional neuroimaging have highlighted the importance of executive functions (EF). Thanks to this post, you will learn more about the significance of executive functions in your daily life, and how to make the most of them. Exploit your brain! What are executive functions? Executive functions were …
The cognitive mechanisms of errorless learning
Errorless learning (EL) is a commonly used technique in memory rehabilitation given the advantage it has for patients with amnesia over traditional learning, which allows them to make errors and takes advantage of the mistakes. However, there is evidence that EL outcomes may vary significantly across patients depending on various factors such as injury severity, the …
Embodied memory: The influence of body posture on autobiographical memory
Embodied cognition is a concept involving the claim that states of the body modify states of the mind [1]. It has been observed that body posture can affect, at least briefly, our subjective feelings of power, our physiology with regards to hormone levels, and also our behavior [2].
Decision Making from a Psychological Perspective
The importance of decision making lies in the fact that it is one of the most complex cognitive processes dealt with by human beings. From the moment we get up, until we go to bed, we make countless choices and decisions, both consciously and unconsciously. The problem is that every decision involves one or more …
Working memory and short-term memory: distinction and revision
One distinction we usually make when talking about different human memory systems is between working memory and short-term memory. In the existing literature, some authors consider short-term memory to be a subset of working memory, whereas others argue for the inverse relationship, and finallythere are those who use both terms interchangeablybecause they see both as the …
The Sexual Brain: Neuroscience and sex-related differences
The origin of brain sexuality It is common knowledge that there are anthropomorphic differences between women and men depending on sex. Not only are there biological differences between males and females, but recent neuroscience research has also revealed differences between male and female brain structure. Genetically we are different; females have an XX pair of …
On-off phenomena? Wearing-off? Why are they important in Parkinson’s disease?
Parkinson’s disease destroys the neuronal nuclei and circuits that are responsible for distributing and generating dopamine. The most important of these nuclei -but not the only one- is the substantia nigra: it is the first to suffer neurodegeneration as a consequence of several factors that have not yet been explained. Among others, viral, toxic (MPTP), …
The Pygmalion Effect and the Power of Expectations
What is the Pygmalion effect? The Pygmalion effect refers to the more or less conscious interpretation and belief of how reality should be. We, therefore, adapt our behavior, thoughts and attitudes to meet expectations. The Pygmalion effect can also be understood as aself-fulfilling prophecy, in which belief in something (whether that be positive or negative) …